Archean accretion and crustal evolution of the kalahari cratonthe. Kalahari craton geological region, africa britannica. Grunehogna craton and zimbabwe kalahari craton, were dated using upb on baddeleyite and apatite. Abstracts only from 1998 to 1999, citations only from 1984 to 1997.
Kaapvaal cratons, which amalgamated along the limpopo province e. The archaean core is composite, formed by the zimbabwe and. Lithospheric structure of an archean craton and adjacent. The kalahari craton consists of three major crustal domains, the kaapvaal craton to the south, the zimbabwe craton to the north and the limpopo belt between them. Craton, the stable interior portion of a continent characteristically composed of ancient crystalline basement rock. Original volcanic structures are partly preserved in some of the complexes, and a variety of intrusive. Palaeomagnetic constraints on the position of the kalahari. Voice of youth advocates deep in the kalahari desert, a corpus lab protects a dangerous secret. Department of geosciences, pennsylvania state university, university park, pa, usa.
Approximate location of mesoproterozoic older than 1. Archean accretion and crustal evolution of the kalahari craton the zircon age and hf isotope record of granitic rocks from barbertonswaziland to the francistown arc. Congo craton incorporated primarily juvenile crust whereas the kalahari craton incorporated primarily recycled crust during this time. Becker5 1 department of earth science, university of bergen, allegaten 41, 5007 bergen, joachim. The kalahari craton comprises all archean to mesoproterozoic rocks of southern africa, which are surrounded by panafrican orogenic belts that resulted from the amalgamation of gondwana. Peak deformationmetamorphism in the damara belt was at. It is sill unclear which craton rifted away from the kalahari craton during the cryogenian. This implies different conditions in the source terrains of the two cratonic margins during the time of rodinia, its rifting and the early stages of the amalgamation of gondwana.
We show that intraplate magmatism occurred 1106 to 1112 million years ago over an area of two million square kilometers within the kalahari craton of southern africa, during the same magnetic polarity chron as voluminous magmatism within the cratonic core of north america. Kaapvaal craton and limpopo belt, from the upper crust down to the asthenosphere. Read palaeomagnetic constraints on the position of the kalahari craton in rodinia, precambrian research on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. First precambrian palaeomagnetic data from the mawson. View and download gobii ebk2835pia instruction manual online. Simplified geological map of the kalahari craton of southern africa showing the location. Mesoproterozoic subduction under the eastern edge of the. Progressive crustal growth and accretion of minor crustal blocks is recorded. We evaluated the possibility that the congo and kalahari cratons africa were joined together prior to their amalgamation along the damaralufilianzambezi orogen in cambrian time by studying diabase dikes of the huilaepembe swarm and sills in the southern part of the congo craton.
These contemporaneous magmatic events occurred while the rodinia supercontinent was being assembled. The kalahari craton during the assembly and dispersal of rodinia pdf. Pdf the kalahari craton during the assembly and dispersal of. Click download or read online button to get the kalahari and its lost city book now. Structural history of the southwestern corner of the kaapvaal craton. Kuskyis the ventersdorp rift system of southern africa related to a continental collision between the kaapvaal and zimbabwe cratons at 2. Mesoproterozoic intraplate magmatism in the kalahari. The kalahari and its lost city download ebook pdf, epub. These contemporaneous magmatic events occurred while the rodinia supercontinent was being assembled and are inferred to be. The kalahari craton during the assembly and dispersal of. The reso lution tests indicate that both laterally and vertically the cratonic. The term craton is used to distinguish such regions from mobile geosynclinal troughs, which are linear belts of sediment accumulations subject to subsidence i.
Upper mantle p and s wave velocity structure of the. Description survivor meets james bond in this pageturning mix of realism and science fiction. Forfurther discussion of this issue see also hofmann et al. Archean accretion and crustal evolution of the kalahari. These current two continents have been rotated back to their approximate positions during the triassic period, to show which cratons were joined before the opening of the southern atlantic ocean. Kalahari pdf free download the reality was, untested. The namuskluft and dreigratberg sections in southern.
Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. Cryogenian rifting events resulted in the opening of the adamastor ocean along the western margin of the kalahari craton. Pdf archaean crystalline rocks of the eastern kaapvaal craton. However, the kta array covers only a very small portion of the kaapvaal craton and cannot constrain crustal structure on craton scale. It consists of two cratons separated by the limpopo belt. Upper mantle p and s wave velocity structure of the kalahari. In the version of this article originally published, a thick, white line indicating the midlithosphere discontinuity was missing from fig. Pdf upper mantle p and s wave velocity structure of the. The folded and faulted sediments of the nnc show similarities to both the older damara sequences and the younger nama group. The greater kalahari craton is composed of the archean kaapvaal figure 1a and zimbabwe figure 1b cratons sutured together by the.
Abstract the llano orogenic belt along the present southern margin of laurentia, regarded as continuation of the grenvillian orogen along the eastern laurentian margin and exposed in basement uplifts in central and western texas, records an. We invert the data using our recently developed, fully nonlinear markov chain monte carlo method 1, which provides a way to quantify nonuniqueness, using direct parameterspace sampling, and assess model uncertainties. Panafrican belts along the northern and eastern craton margins are associated in one area with a 1. These cratons have been fairly stable for 590 million years and their mountains have long ago eroded down to their inner cores. Direct mesoproterozoic connection of the congo and. Moho depth and crustal composition in southern africa sciencedirect. We show that intraplate magmatism occurred 1106 to 1112 million years ago over an area of two million square kilometers within the kalahari craton of southern africa, during the same magnetic polarity chron as voluminous magmatismwithin the cratonic core of north america. The kalahari craton was initially stabilized following cessation of palaeoproterozoic orogenesis in southern africa at ca. Zimbabwe province 44 gwenoro dam basement gneisses 45. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. After over 350 ma of apparent quiescence around the margins of the proto kalahari craton, renewed tectonic activity during the mesoproterozoic heralded a major period of crustal growth, during which the area of the proto kalahari craton almost doubled from ca.
Subsequent mesoproterozoic intraplate magmatism at ca. Deformation correlations, stress field switches and evolution of an. Read the kalahari craton during the assembly and dispersal of rodinia, precambrian research on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. The rocks along the southwestern margin of the kaapvaal craton were deformed up to 7 times during the early to. Volume 160, issues 12, 5 january 2008, pages 142158. The namaqua belt is the southern margin of the kaapvaal craton. The bushveld complex, the outcrop limbs of which are shown in fig. Upper mantle p and s wave velocity structure of the kalahari craton and surrounding proterozoic terranes, southern africa kameron ortiz. The kalahari craton consists of three major crustal domains, the kaapvaal craton. The kalahari craton is a craton, an old and stable part of the continental lithosphere, that.
This confirms the relationship whereby grunehogna is a rifted fragment of kalahari, which was severed during the. E2pdf backup restore sms,call,contact,truecaller android latest 10. This provides further evidence for the archaean and proterozoic connection of the grunehogna province to the african kalahari craton. We therefore invoke initial underthrusting of the kalahari craton below the congo craton during the collision of these two cratons, leading to mantle lithosphere eclogitization and delamination, and heating of the mafic lower crust of the kalahari craton. Decollements in the damara belt dip away from the kalahari craton, which was thrust beneath attenuated. Pdf mesoproterozoic subduction under the eastern edge of. The archaean geology of the kaapvaal craton, southern africa.
The orthogneisses form part of an extensive region north of the kalahari craton and east of the congo craton that includes large amounts of 1. A paleomagnetic study 6 suggested that coats land might actually have belonged to the kalahari craton and. The kalahari craton during the assembly and dispersal of rodinia j. The kalahari craton was spawned from a small composite archaean core which grew by prolonged crustal accretion in the palaeoproterozoic along its nw side magondi. Formation and evolution of archaean cratons geological society. Pdf archean accretion and crustal evolution of the.
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